單項選擇題是英語高考題中的基本題型,考查語法、句法、基本搭配、習語及交際用語等內容。隨著高考命題的日趨成熟,出題者越來越多地把考點蘊涵在更復雜、更高級、更難識別的語境中,或使有些題目看起來似曾相識,輕而易舉就可選出『正確答案』,結果卻往往出錯。這些題目就是常說的『陷阱題』,因此要答好這道題,要求同學們不僅要有紮實的基礎知識,還要具備一些識別『陷阱』的能力。日前,記者專門采訪了辛集中學的陳景俊老師,請他結合近幾年高考題及各地模擬題中的一些考題來揭示這些形形色色的『陷阱』並指出應對策略。
-利用思維定勢設『陷阱』應對措施:結構和猜測句意要並重。
1.The cause he had devoted himself___a perfect success.
A.to proved
B.proved
C.to prove
D.to proving
2.We can」t help___the room because she is busy with her homework.
A.to clean
B.cleaning
C.cleaned
D.being cleaned
3.Please tell me the way you thought of_____the garden.
A.take care of
B.to take care of
C.taking care of
D.how to take care of
答案:A.A.B.
解析:利用思維定勢設『陷阱』是出題者最常見的方法,所設題數也是最多的,也是學生最易失分之處,因此要格外當心。遇到這種情況,既要分析句子結構,又要猜測出題者想要表達的意思,選好答案後不妨翻譯一下,看句意是否符合思維邏輯。第1題中,一看到devoted himself,同學就很容易聯想到devote oneself to sth./doing結構,造成誤選D,其實devote oneself to的賓語是the cause,
proved為句子的謂語。句意為『他所投身的事業後來證明很成功』。第2題中,同學們見到can」thelp容易根據思維定勢想到can」thelpdoing而誤選B,其實句意為『我不能幫助打掃房間,因為我忙著做作業』,tohelp為目的狀語。第3題中,同學們容易把所缺部分理解為of的賓語而誤選C,實際上of的賓語為the way。you thought of和to take care of the garden是way的兩個定語成分。句意為『請告訴我你想出來的照管花園的辦法。』
-利用冗餘成分設『陷阱』應對措施:忽略或跳讀冗餘成分。
1.———Excuse me,sir.Could you tell me the way to the railway station?
———Sorry,I」m a stranger here myself.You are supposed to ask,I」m afraid,____is a native.
A.some one
B.whoever
C.who
D.whomever
2.The Internet gives people the chance to have infornation they need___to them quickly and cheaply.
A.to deliver
B.deliver
C.delivering
D.delivered
答案:B.D.
解析:出題者往往通過插入一些結構來加長題乾,從而來增加試題的難度,乾擾學生對試題主乾的把握。所加入的結構多為一些定語或插入語(如I think,I believe,I suppose,I」m afraid等)。解這類題的關鍵是分析句子結構,找出這些冗餘成分,將冗餘成分的前後兩部分連起來就可以清晰地看出句子的主乾。第1題中插入了I」m afraid,句子的主乾是You」re supposed to ask whoever is a native.第2句中不定式部分加入了定語從句you need,不定式部分的主乾為have sth done結構。
-利用省略設『陷阱』應對措施:補全殘缺的句子結構。
1.———What do you think made Celia so happy?
———___a prize in the recent competition.
A.As she won
B.Won
C.Winning
D.Because of winning
2.———What should I do for our trip?
———___some food and fruit.
A.Prepare
B.To prepare
C.Preparing
D.Prepared
答案:C.A.
解析:解這類題的關鍵是把省略的部分補充出來.第1題AC答案都有一定的乾擾性,但如果把答語補全,答案就顯而易見了(I think winning a prize in the competition made he so happy).第2題補全為you should prepare some food and fruit.