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1. burn down/burn out/burn up
burn down (火勢)減弱,(被)焚毀;burn out燒盡,熄滅;burn up ?被燒掉(毀),燒得更旺。?
2. how often/how long/how far/how soon
how often有"多久一次"的意思,是對做某事的頻率提問。對how often的回答一般是:twice a year/three times a week。how long表示"時間多久或物體多長",表示時間時側重指"一段時間"。對how long的回答一般是時間段,如for three days。how far是提問"路程有多遠",詢問距離的,還可以表示程度。how soon表示?"多久?之後",主要用來對表示將來的一段時間提問。對how soon的回答一般是:in + 時間段,如in two days/in five years。轉載請注明出處:天星教育試題調研《考前搶分必備》?
【真題回放】Students are always interested in finding out______they can go with a new teacher。(2008·安徽卷)
A. how far B. how soon C how often D how long?
答案: A?
3. call at/call back/call for/call in/call on/call up
call at (a place)訪問(某地);call back回電話; call for (公開)要求,需要; call in要求退回,召來;call on邀請,請求; call up使回憶起,使想起。?
4. come about/come across/come off/come out/come true/come up
come about發生;come across(偶然)遇見;come off能被去掉(或除去);come out出版,發行; come true變為現實,實現;come up長出地面,昇起。?
【真題回放】—Have you______some new ideas? ?
—Yeah. I」ll tell you later. (2007·江蘇卷)
A. come about B. come into C. come up with D. come out with?
答案: C ?
5. cut down/cut off/cut through/cut up/cut in
cut down砍倒,削減;cut off打斷,中斷(供給);cut through開闢(出路或通道);cut up(嚴重地)割傷,打傷,切碎;cut in插嘴。?
6. break out/break down/break away from/break into/break off/break through/break up ?
break out爆發;break down出故障,壞掉;break away from突然掙脫,逃脫;break into強行闖入;break off中斷,斷開;break through克服,戰勝;break up拆開,打散。?
7. bring in/bring up/bring about ?
bring in引入,賺得;bring up撫養,養育;bring about導致,引起。?
8. run out/go out/give out/leave out ?
run out用完,耗盡;go out外出交際,送出,發出;give out用完,耗盡,停止運轉; leave out省去,遺漏,不包括。轉載請注明出處:天星教育試題調研《考前搶分必備》
【真題回放】 — I」m still working on my project.?
— Oh, you」ll miss the deadline. Time is ______. (2008·江蘇卷) ?
A. running out B. going out C. giving out D. losing out?
答案: A ?
9. get along with/get back/get close to/get down to/get in touch with/get off/get through ?
get along with與……相處;get back回去,返回;get close to接近;get down to開始做…… get in touch with與……聯系(接觸);get off脫下;get through順利通過(考試等),撥通(電話)。?
【真題回放】 It」s going to rain. Xiao Feng, will you please help me ______ the clothes on the line? (2008·陝西卷)?
A. get off B. get back C. get in D. get on?
答案: C?
10. go away/go against/go ahead/go bad/go off/go on doing/go on with/go up ?
go away走開,離家外出,消失;go against違反,與……不符(或相反);go ahead走在前面,先走;go bad (食物)變壞,壞掉;go off離開(尤指去做某事); go on doing sth.繼續乾某事,不停地乾某事; go on with sth。(尤指停頓或中斷之後)繼續做某事; go up (價格,溫度等)上漲,上昇。?
11.keep back/keep fit/keep in touch with/keep on/keep up with/keep out ?
keep back保留; keep fit保持健康; keep in touch with ?與……?保持聯系; keep on繼續;keep up with跟上,並駕齊驅;keep out不進入,留在外面。?
12. take after/take apart/take away/take down/take on/take off/take up/take over/take in ?
動詞take的相關短語也是高頻短語,常見的有:take after (外貌或行為)像(父或母);take ?apart?拆卸,拆開(機器等);take away解除,消除(感情、痛苦等);take down拆掉,拆卸,誤認為;take on呈現,僱傭,承擔(責任);take off取消,脫下(衣帽等);take up佔用(時間),佔據(空間),開始從事;take over接管,接手;take in留宿,收留,吸入。?
【真題回放】 After studying in a medical college for five years, Jane ______ her job as a doctor in the countryside(2008·全國卷Ⅰ)?
A. set out B. took over C. took up D. set up?
答案: C?
13. turn down/turn... into.../turn off/turn out/turn up/turn over ?
turn down關小,把……調低;turn ... into ...把……變成…… turn off關掉(水、電、收音機等);turn out證明是,結果是;turn up到達,偶然出現;turn over轉動,翻身。 ?
【真題回放】 — What are you reading, Tom??
— I」m not really reading, just ______ the pages。(2008·全國卷Ⅱ)?
A. turning off B. turning around C. turning over D. turning up
答案: C?
14. die of/die from/die down/die out ?
die of死於(內在原因,如疾病等);die from死於(外在原因,如事故等);die down逐漸變弱,逐漸平息;die out滅絕。?
15.give away/give off/give out/give in to/give back ?
give away捐贈,分發,泄露;give off發出,放出(氣味、熱、光等);give out發出,用完;give in to?向……?投降,讓步; give back使恢復,歸還。?
16. hold on/hold out/hold back/hold up ?
hold on(電話用語)等一下,別掛斷;hold out堅持,抵抗,提供機會;hold back隱瞞;hold up推遲,耽擱。?
【真題回放】 — If Peter there??
— ______ , please. I」ll see if I can find him for you. (2008·江蘇卷)?
A. Hold up B Hold on C Hold out D Hold off?
答案: B?
17. look into/look through/look on/look out/look down on ?
look into調查;look through快速查看;look on旁觀;look out當心;look down on輕視,瞧不起。?
18.make up/make out/make no sense/make up for/make the most of
make up構成,化妝;make out理解,明白(事理);make no sense沒有意義;make up for彌補; make the most of充分利用。?
19.pay back/pay off/pay for ?
pay back(向某人)還錢;pay off付清;pay for為……付費。?
20.pick up/pick out ?
pick up拿起,(為某人)收拾,(開車)接人,接收(信號、聲音、圖像等),(偶然)學會;pick out精心挑選,辨別出。?
【易混短語辨析】 ?
1. since then / from then on / ever since / ever before ?
since then意為"從那時以來",通常與動詞的現在完成時連用,指從過去某一時刻起到現在為止的一段時間。from then on意為"從那時起",通常與動詞的一般過去時連用,指過去某一時刻之後的時間。ever since意為"自……以後,從……起",其中since是副詞,意為"從那以後",通常與延續性動詞的完成時態連用。ever before的意思是"在以往任何時候",常出現在than後面,其中before是副詞,有時可以省略,ever用以加強語氣。如:
She has lived here since then. ?
From then on he was a model student. ?
He went to Tibet in 1956 and has lived there ever since.?
It」s raining harder than ever (before).?
2. on board /on the board /on the boards ?
on board泛指"在船上",還可指"在飛機(火車,公共汽車等)上"。這個習語也可接船名或船的類型(如:on board the Dongfeng在東風號上;on board a liner在郵輪上)。 on the board除可表示"在(具體的)這艘或那艘船上"外,還可表示"在會上討論"。 on the boards中的boards是"舞臺"的意思,其原義是"在舞臺上",現常引申為"做演員"或"演出",常用在連系動詞be後作表語。 ?
3. too much/much too ?
much too意為"太……",相當於very。too much意為"太多",可修飾不可數名詞;若修飾可數名詞,則用too many。如:?
Now too many people become much too fat, for they eat too much. ?
4. on the air/in the air/in the open air ?
on the air意為"正在播送(電視、廣播)";in the air意為"在傳播中,可感覺到的,流行";in the open air意為"在戶外"。如:?
They were in the open air discussing a problem in the air when the news that a war broke out in Iraq was on the air.?
5. at a distance/in the distance ?
at a distance是"從遠處"的意思,表示一定的距離、近距離或可以說明具體的距離,其不定冠詞a有時可以省略或是改為some。 in the distance表示在"在遠處",強調距離之遠。如:?
This picture looks better at a distance. ?
We saw lights in the distance.?
6. at any moment/at the moment/for a moment/for the moment/in a moment/the moment
at any moment意為"隨時,任何時候",與at any time及at all times同義;at the moment表示"現在,此刻"的意思,用於一般現在時,也可以說成at this moment,相當於now/at present; for a moment意為"片刻,一會兒";for the moment意為"目前,暫時"。in a moment意為"立即,馬上",表示現在或過去的動作即將發生的時間;the moment用來引導時間狀語從句,意為"一……就……",相當於as soon as。如:?
We can ask him for help at any moment.?
I am busy at the moment.?
The man was silent for a moment.?
For the moment he didn」t know what to say.?
Hurry up, the film will start in a moment.?
The moment I saw I knew that there was no hope.?
7. care about/care for/take care of ?
care about意為"關心,在意",指由於某事重要,或是因責任所在而關心計較,一般用於否定句; care for意為"喜歡,照顧"。用作"喜歡"時一般用於否定句或是疑問句中;take care of意為"照料",相當於look after。如:?
He doesn」t care about his clothes.?
I don」t really care for red wine.?
Take care of yourself!?
8. because of/owing to/due to/as a result of/thanks to ?
這些短語都可以表示原因,但用法不盡相同。?
because of意為"因為,由於",在句中一般作狀語,可置於句首或句末; owing to意為"由於,因為",在句中通常作狀語,其所引導的短語必須是修飾全句的,嚴格地講,置於句末時應用逗號和主句隔開,而because of則不用;due to所引導的短語在句中一般作表語和定語,但在很多場合中可以與owing to通用;as a result of意為"由?於……?";thanks to意為"幸虧,由於,因為",它所引導的短語可以表達正面的意思(表示謝意),也可以用於諷刺。如:?
Because of illness, the boy did not go to school.?
He was injured due to(=owing to) a car accident.?
As a result of the war the lives of many people were lost.?
Thanks to your rotten ideas, we went the long way. (含有諷刺的意味)?
9. catch up with/keep up with
catch up with意為?"趕上"?,指從後面追上或改變落後的狀況;keep up with意為?"跟上?",指齊步前進,並駕齊驅,不致落後或掉隊。另外keep up with還可以表示?"與……保持聯系"的意思。如:?
Tom caught up with the German girl.?
They tried to keep up with Britain in building ships.?
10. take the place of/take one」s place/take place ?
take the place of sb./sth。相當於take sb.」s place/sth.」s place,即?"代?替某人或某物"; take one」s place意為"就位";take place意為"發生",用作不及物動詞,沒有被動語態。如:更多精彩盡在《試題調研》第9輯《考前搶分必備》!?
Tractors have now taken the place of horses and cows in most villages.?
Take your place, please. We are about to start.?
This took place in London。
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